merlin and nimue legend
In the Post-Vulgate Suite de Merlin, the future Lady of the Lake was born and lived in a magnificent castle at the foot of a mountain in Brittany as a daughter of the King of Northumbria. This article is about the character Nimue. Merlin during his lifetime turned his back on evil and dark forces to turn to the power of light and goodness. [16] The fairy queen character and her paradise island in Lanzelet are reminiscent of Morgen (Morgan) of the Island of Avallon in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Vita Merlini. When Uther became king, Merlin arranged for him to seduce Igraine by making Uther magically take on the appearance of her husband, Gorlois. One was for the stones to be a monument to those that had died in battle with the Saxons. Modern authors of Arthurian fiction adapt the Lady of the Lake legend in various ways, often using two or more bearers of the title. One version has Nimue tiring of him and turning one of his own spells against him and seals him in a cave forever. After Merlin taught her all his secrets, she used her power to trap him in the Crystal Cave, effectively killing him. Sir Thomas Malory in "Le Morte d'Arthur" represents Merlin as being an advisor to King Arthur. The Legend. Some examples of such 20th and 21st century works are listed below. There are many variants on her name from text to text — Viviane, Eviene, Niviene; other places she is Nimue or Nina (as in Wordsworth). Here, she is given the name Viviane (or similar) and a human origin. The Lady of the Lake (French: Dame du Lac, Demoiselle du Lac, Welsh: Arglwyddes y Llyn, Cornish: Arloedhes an Lynn, Breton: Itron an Lenn, Italian: Dama del Lago) is a name or a title used by several fairy-like enchantresses in the Matter of Britain, the body of medieval literature and mythology associated with the legend of King Arthur. Vivien, sometimes called Nineve, Nimue, or Niniane is best known as the woman who sealed Merlin in a cave or a tree and put him under a spell. According to Hodges, when Malory was looking at other texts to find inspiration, he chose the best aspects of all the other Lady of the Lake characters, making her pragmatic, compassionate, clever, and strong-willed. The all-mighty wizard Merlin could not help but become enchanted by Nimue, who keeps Merlin away from King Arthur, replacing Merlin and becoming Arthur’s on-call magician. "I will be your shield. The character was created by Geoffrey of Monmouth in his History of the Kings of Britain (1136 CE) where he first appears as a wise and precocious youth with prophetic powers. In Malory's version, Brandin of the Isles, renamed Brian (Bryan), is Nimue's evil cousin rather than her paramour. The two dragons began to combat. Nimue (also known as Vivien, Eviene, Viviane, Nineve, Nina, Viviene and Niniane) was thought to be a "Lady of the Lake". She has been identified as a deceptive and anti-patriarchal equally as often as she has been cast as a benevolent aid to Arthur's court, or even the literary descendant of protective goddesses. The legend of Merlin and Nimue is an intriguing tale that entails love, spells, and death told through various stories in literature. Further theories connect her to the Welsh lake fairies known as the Gwragedd Annwn (including a Lady of the Lake unrelated to the legend of Arthur[11]), the Romano-British water goddess Coventina (Covienna),[12] and the North Caucasian Satanaya (Satana) from the Nart sagas. He was so in love with her that he was constantly at her side. This is a good place to discover the story, find links for further information and to see how Merlin and Nimue are portrayed in art through the ages. Merlin is a legendary figure best known as the wizard featured in Arthurian legend. In the Vulgate Merlin, she refuses to give Merlin (who at this time is already old but appears to her in the guise of a handsome young man) her love until he has taught her all his secrets, after which she uses her power to seal him forever, originally either in the trunk of a hawthorn tree or beneath a stone. The tower kept collapsing without apparent reason every night. In France, Viviane is also connected with Brittany's Paimpont forest, often identified as the Arthurian enchanted forest of Brocéliande, where her lake (that is, the Lake of Diana) is said to be located at the castle Château de Comper.[51]. Nimueh is based on the Lady of the Lake, alternately known as Nimue, Viviane, Niniane or Nyneve. Merlin (Welsh: Myrddin, Cornish: Marzhin, Breton: Merzhin) is a mythological figure prominently featured in the legend of King Arthur and best known as an enchanter or wizard. Due to the relative obscurity of the word, it was misunderstood as "fair wanton maiden" and taken to be the name of Myrddin's female captor. She furthermore personally arrives to restore Lancelot to sanity during some of his recurring fits of madness. The Story of the Champions of the Round Table, "The Lady of the Lake ~ Other Characters in Arthurian Legend", "Echoes of Legend: Magic as the Bridge Between a Pagan Past and a Christian Future in Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte Darthur", "Nymue, the Chief Lady of the Lake, in Malory's Le Morte D’arthur. The Trope Namer and probable Trope Maker is the Arthurian Mythos, where Merlin had a habit of teaching magic to younger women. And, by the gods, I will be your sword. Merlin fell in love with Nimue. Scott's material furnished subject matter for La donna del lago, an 1819 opera by Gioachino Rossini. [34] In the end, a female hand emerging from a lake reclaims Excalibur in a miraculous scene when the sword is thrown into the water by Sir Bedivere just after Arthur's final battle. Another, unnamed Lady of the Lake appears to bestow the magic sword Excalibur from Avalon to Arthur. When Merlin was young, Vortigen, the King of Britain wanted to build a tower near Mount Snowdonia in Wales. Related She then proceeds to perform some of the same actions as the Lady of the Lake of his sources but is different in some ways. It is Nimue who has the ambiguous relationship with Merlin. Nimue was one of the three women who took the wounded Arthur away to Avalon following the Battle of Camlann, alongside the Lady of the Lake and Morgana le Fay. [31] However, Nimue's character is often seen as still very ambigius by other scholars. She does this out of cruelty and a hatred of Merlin. One of several ladies known as the Lady of the Lake or the Dame du Lac. Medieval authors and copyists produced various forms of the latter, including Nimane (Vulgate Merlin, in addition to "Viviane"), Nimanne / Niv[i]en[n]e / Vivienne (Huth Merlin), Vivien, Vivian, Nimiane/Niniame (Arthour and Merlin and Henry Lovelich's English Merlin Continuation), Nymenche (Lancelot Propre), Nin[i]eve (Post-Vulgate Suite du Merlin), Niniane (Livre d'Artus), Niviana (Baladro del Sage Merlin), and Ui[n/ui]ane (Estoire de Merlin), among other variations, including alternate spellings with the letter i written as y (such as Nymanne or Nynyane). Digging proved this to be true, and two dragons (one white and one red) emerged. [7], Arthurian scholar A. O. H. Jarman, following suggestions first made by scholars of the 19th century, proposed that the name "Viviane" used in French Arthurian romances were ultimately derived from (and a corruption of) the Welsh word chwyfleian (also spelled hwimleian, chwibleian, et al. [27] She is also Morgan's sister in some other Italian texts such as Pulzella Gaia. In an analysis by Kenneth Hodges, Nimue appears through the story as the chivalric code changes, hinting to the reader that something new will happen in order to help the author achieve the wanted interpretation of the Arthurian legend: each time the Lady reappears in Le Morte d'Arthur, it is at a pivotal moment of the episode, establishing the importance of her character within Arthurian literature, as she transcends any notoriety attached to her character by aiding Arthur and other knights to succeed in their endeavours, subtly helping sway the court in the right direction. She can be also selfish, ruthless, desiring, and capricious. “Geoffrey of Monmouth's Vita Merlini.”, Hodges, Kenneth. Knowing that Merlin could take her unwillingly, she made him swear that he would use no magic to make her lay with him. [45] Such places within Great Britain include the lakes Dozmary Pool[46] and The Loe[47] in Cornwall, the lakes Llyn Llydaw[48] and Llyn Ogwen[48] in Snowdonia, River Brue's area of Pomparles Bridge[49] in Somerset, and the lake Loch Arthur[50] in Scotland. The story does not find connections to its roots until Nimue is entrusted with delivering a sword called the Devil’s Tooth to Merlin – a sorcerer she only knows by way of legend. Merlin (also known as Myrddin, Merlinus) is the great wizard of the Arthurian Legends best known from Sir Thomas Malory’s Le Morte D’Arthur (1469 CE). Intending the spell to honor their love and enshrine it in immortality, she merged the spell into the large moonstone in the headpiece of Merlin… The Vulgate Lancelot explains this by a spell she put "on her groin which, as long as it lasted, prevented anyone from deflowering her and having relations with her. Merlin’s name is derived from the latin ‘Merlinus’ in Geoffrey of Monmouth’s ‘Historia Regum Britanniae’ – “The History of the Kings of Britain” – which he wrote early in the 12th century. "The characters of the novel" in the various editions of the novel, including London: Macdonald, 1951, p. xvii. Walter Scott wrote an influential poem, The Lady of the Lake, in 1810, drawing on the romance of the legend, but with an entirely different story set around Loch Katrine in the Trossachs of Scotland. ~ Merlin and Nimue ~. Alfred, Lord Tennyson in his "Idylls of the King :Merlin and Vivien" portrays Merlin as the architect of Camelot. She is initially known as the beautiful 12-years-old Damsel Huntress in her introductory episode, in which she serves the role of a damsel in distress in the quest of three knights sent by Merlin to rescue her from kidnapping. Like Cursed, Merlin draws on the famous Arthurian legend to tell its story, and also like Cursed, ... Merlin is Nimue's dad. [17] Furthermore, the fairy from Lanzelet has a son named Mabuz, an Anglo-Norman form of the name of Mabon, the son of Morgan's early Welsh counterpart and reputed progenitor Modron.[18]. The Post-Vulgate rewrite also describes how Diana had killed her partner Faunus to be with a man named Felix, but then she was herself killed by her lover at that lake, which came to be called the Lake of Diana (Lac Diane). [8][9][10] Others have linked the name "Nymenche" with the Irish mythology's figure Niamh (an otherworldly woman from the legend of Tír na nÓg), and the name "Niniane" with either the Welsh mythology's figure Rhiannon (another otherworldly woman of a Celtic myth), the 5th-century saint Ninian, or the river Ninian.[3]. She was born in Dionas' domain of Briosque in the forest Brocéliande,[24] and it was an enchantment of her fairy godmother Diana that caused Viviane to be so alluring to Merlin when she first met him there as a young teenager. This takes place during the time when Merlin is still at Arthur's side and before the introduction of Viviane in the story. Franz Schubert set seven songs from Walter Scott's Lady of the Lake, including the three "Ellen songs" ("Ellens Gesang I",[35] "Ellens Gesang II",[36] and "Ellens Gesang III"[37]), although Schubert's music to Ellen's third song has become far more famous in its later adaptation, known as "Ave Maria". When Arthur became King, Merlin helped him acquire the infamous Round Table and helped Arthur set up his knightly order. The youth told the king's advisors that the reason for the tower collapsing was due to the existence of a pool beneath the foundation. The place where Lancelot is raised is described there as to the north of Trèves-Cunault, on the Loire, in the middle of the (now extinct) forest of Beaufort-en-Vallée (the "Bois en Val" of the book). However, if you believe in Alfred Lord Tennyson's telling of the story, Nimue is more evil, Merlin's entrapment is "voluntary," and the love flows from Merlin to Nimue — not the other way around. The white dragon killed the red dragon, and hence Merlin prophesied Vortigen's death by Aurelius and the future of the land. Merlin is credited with helping to establish the famous Round Table where all of King Arthur's knights sat, and played a major role in the mysteries of the Holy Grail. [13] Possible prototypes include Guendoloena and Ganieda, respectively Merlin's one-time wife and his sister from Geoffrey's work, besides the Roman goddess of the hunt and the nature, Diana,[14] the spiritual descent from whom is actually explicitly stated within the French prose narratives. Tatlock, J.S.P. Geoffrey based his Merlin partly on on an earlier Welsh literary figure, Myrddin, and partly on the figure of Ambrosius from ‘Historia Brittonum’ written by the 9th century Welsh monk Nennius. Other versions have her trapping him in a bush or Hawthorne tree where his voice is sometimes heard. In the Prophéties de Merlin, she is proud of how Merlin had never taken her virginity, unlike what happened with his other students, and is especially cruel in the way she disposes of him;[20] she then takes Tristan's brother Meliadus the Younger as her actual lover. In Cursed, Merlin (Gustaf Skarsgard) is a powerful druid sorcerer who serves King Uther but comes up against the extremist Red Paladins alongside Nimue, Arthur and Morgana. In Thomas Malory's 15th-century compilation, the first Lady of the Lake remains unnamed besides this epithet. When Arthur himself is in need in Malory's text, some incarnation of the Lady of the Lake, or her magic, or her agent, reaches out to help him. "[21] The Livre d'Artus has Niniane leave Merlin for another lover (the evil king Brandin of the Isles, whom she teaches some magic that he then applies to his terrible castle Dolorous Gard[22]); she is never actually molested by Merlin and rids herself of him only as a precaution. Nimue talks Vortigern into setting Merlin free and she and the wizard go away together and live happily for a while. In some versions of the legend, Nimue traded her love for lessons in sorcery. Nimue's father was Diones, a vavasor (a landholder, but less than a baron). See more ideas about merlin, arthurian, fantasy art. Long ago in a cave obscured by the mists of time, Nimue, a powerful sorceress and Merlin’s beloved, took the energy of their passion and wove it into a potent love spell. For instance, in the Post-Vulgate Suite du Merlin, Malory's source for the earlier parts of Le Morte d'Arthur, the Lady of the Lake traps Merlin in a tomb, which results in his death. Here, Nimue is given a look at the past and at Merlin's connection to the sword, leaving her unsure whether to follow her mother's dying instructions. She also rears his orphaned cousins Lionel and Bors after having her sorcerous damsel Seraide (Saraïde, later called Celise) rescue them from King Claudas. If it is accepted that the French-German Lanzelet by Ulrich von Zatzikhoven contains elements of a more primitive version of this tale than Chrétien's, the infant Lancelot was spirited away to a lake by a water fairy (merfeine in Old High German) known as the Lady of the Sea and then raised in her Land of Maidens (Meide lant[15]). Some versions cast Nimue as Merlin's enemy and ultimate doom while separating her from the Lady who gives Arthur his sword; other versions combine the … Alfred, Lord Tennyson adapted several stories of the Lady of the Lake for his 1859–1885 poetic cycle Idylls of the King. The legend of Nimue and Merlin is somewhat complicated and, like many details surrounding the characters, tends to change with each retelling. Thereafter she was an ally of King Arthur's. Afterwards, she sends off the young Lancelot to King Arthur's court as the nameless White Knight (a part of her affinity with the color white), but then keeps aiding him in various ways during his early adventures with her magic-item gifts (similar in that to his unnamed fairy protectoress in Chrétien's version, who too gives him a magic ring; the same of another of her magic rings also grants Lancelot's lover Queen Guinevere immunity from Morgan le Fay's power in the Prophéties de Merlin) and through her maidens serving as her agents and messengers. As summarized by Amy S. Kaufman. In Malory, she is the companion to a previous lady and takes over in that role. Modern retellings often omit that episode. After several years, Vortigern captures Merlin, and Nimue finds him in a cell. He was once the court magician to King Arthur. As they traveled, Nimue became more and more afraid of Merlin's advances. [27] In Le Morte d'Arthur, on the other hand, Nimue is still the one to trap Merlin, but Malory gives her a sympathetic reason: Merlin falls in love with her and will not leave her alone; Malory gives no indication that Nimue loves him back. Today the Lady of the Lake is best known as either Nimuë (Nimue), or several scribal variants[2] of Ninianne and Viviane. The French poet Robert Wace (c. 1110-1174 CE) then … Merlin was believed to be a seer or prophet by some, enchanted with magical powers or just a wise man by others. The Lancelot-Grail Cycle provides a backstory for the Lady of the Lake, "Viviane", in the Prose Merlin section, which takes place before the Lancelot Proper, though it was written later. When Arthur and Merlin first go to meet her, she holds Excalibur out of the water and offers it to Arthur if he promises to fulfill any request from her later, to which he agrees. Nimue and Merlin have a very different relationship in the legend. The Lady of the Lake who raised Lancelot also appears in Perceforest, which derives her ancestry line from the descendants of ancient fairy named Morgane, whose own source of power was the deity Zephir. It was determined that a fatherless child needed to be sacrificed to remedy this problem. [3][4][5] The most primitive French form might be Niniane. The second reason was because the stones possessed great powers of healing. Though Merlin knows beforehand that this will happen due to his power of foresight, he is unable to counteract her because of the 'truth' this ability of foresight holds. … Arthur refuses this request, and Balin swiftly decapitates her instead with his own magic sword (a cursed blade given to him by a mysterious lady from Avalon just a moment earlier) in front of Arthur and then sends off his squire with her severed head, much to the distress and shame of the king. She met Merlin when she was 16 years of age. Eventually, since she cannot get rid of him otherwise, she decides to trap him under rock and makes sure he cannot escape. Nimue is portrayed differently in various versions of the legend Credit: 2020 Netflix, Inc. French tales make her the evil arch-nemesis of King Arthur. In the Post-Vulgate tradition, she is presented as an early benefactor of King Arthur who grants him Excalibur when his original sword is damaged in the fight against King Pellinore. He too splits her into two characters; Viviane is a deceitful villain who ensnares Merlin, while the Lady of the Lake is a benevolent figure who raises Lancelot and gives Arthur his sword. She became the lover of Sir Pelleas, whom she married. [14] The 13th/14th-century English poem Of Arthour and of Merlin casts Morgan in the role of the Lady of the Lake, residing near a town named Ninniane. When Nimue and Merlin meet in the fifth episode, she asks the wizard why her mother instructed her to bring him the sword. For much of his life, he lived in the wilderness as a "wild man" despite interacting with and assisting at least three different kings: Vortigern, Uther, and Arthur. Together, they bear the mortally wounded Arthur away to Avalon. A child, Arthur, was born of this union and Merlin took the child away. The enchanted forest of Brocéliande is noted specifically, which later becomes the place of his imprisonment and/or burial. Arthur gives the Lady a rich burial, has her slayer banished, and allows Sir Launcenor of Ireland to go after him to avenge this disgrace. Merlin supposedly moved Stonehenge for two reasons. Merlin was said to be born from an Incubus and a human maiden named Adhan, making him a Cambion(Half-demon, half-human) which is why he has magical powers. Nimue is a witch and priestess who lives on Avalon with Vivian. He educated Arthur and kept him safe. Though her identity may change, her role as a significant figure in the lives of both Arthur and Merlin remains consistent. Monmouth based his Merlin on a legend who was called Myrddin. The 15th-century Italian manuscript La Tavola Ritonda (The Round Table) makes the Lady a daughter of Uther Pendragon and a sister to both Morgan and Arthur; here she is a character villainous to the extent that her own brother Arthur swears to burn her. Nimue. [29][30], The second Lady of the Lake is sometimes referred to by her title and sometimes referred to by name. There are different versions of his death. enchantress and sorceress in Arthurian legend, "Waving her hands and uttering the charm, [she] presently enclosed him fast within the tree.". In almost all versions of Arthurian legend, Nimue is the architect of Merlin’s downfall. Merlin Emrys was brought forward. Meanwhile, Merlin remains weakened after taking a hit to the chest from a poisoned arrow in the previous episode. [4] The form Nimue, in which the letter e can be written as ë or é, has been popularized by Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur and itself has several variations: in William Caxton's edition, her name appears as Nymue, Nyneue and Nynyue, but it had been rather Nynyve (predominantly[6]) and Nenyve in Malory's original Winchester Manuscript. Nineue ferch Afallach, "Tennyson's Vivien", The Lady of the Lake is satirized in the 1975 film, Nimue appears as one of the primary antagonists in the, This page was last edited on 12 January 2021, at 01:59. Some tales have him living forever in his confinement and others tell of his death or his descension into madness. Some other authors choose to emphasize a single character. In the Lancelot-Grail (Vulgate) prose cycle, the Lady resides in an enchanted realm, an otherworld the entry to which is disguised as an illusion of a lake (the Post-Vulgate notes it as Merlin's work[19]). Hence, Merlin became an important figure in the previous episode to his!, whom she married met Merlin when she was 16 years of age the Fey will live free!. Merlin when she was 16 years of age portrays Merlin as the architect of Camelot that died... Sometimes friendly to Arthur and Merlin meet in the human world, 2018 Explore., by the gods, I will be your sword witch and priestess who lives Avalon! 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