Dogs are perhaps the best animal companions humans have ever known. The Arbutus tree or fruit are not systemically toxic to dogs. Toxicity. In general, wild bird seed is safe for most of us dogs. The following materials are not safe if toxic chemicals or insecticides have been sprayed on them. Butylated hydroxyanisole has been linked to tumors in laboratory animals. 100% non-PVC Christmas trees will be the most non toxic option although 100% non-PVC doesn’t mean they are chemical free. Phthalates are toxic agents that cause liver and kidney damage; animal studies have linked phthalates to an increased risk for liver cancer. Layers of leather are separated, bleached, and then preserved with preservatives like Formaldehyde. Some toxins are known for having properties that can bring about liver damage and that almost always lead to liver toxicity. Dioxin. VC is the most toxic plastic for our health and environment. It is normal to get worried when the baby chews on a softball or even a teether.. You may have also stumbled upon reports or articles which cast doubts about the safety of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) toys. Paint balls contain glycerol, glycerin, sorbitol, gelatin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (PEG), mineral oil, dye, and other chemicals can result in poisoning. PVC is a synthetic plastic polymer that is very brittle when it is first made but manufacturers add something called “plasticizers” to make it more flexible. However, if swallowed whole on the cob, it is the right size and shape to block an intestine. In our opinion, the use of vinyl in dog toys is more dangerous than other applications. The effects of BPA exposure in dogs include obesity, neurological problems, reproductive disorders, and cancer. To … Raid Ant & Roach Spray is generally pretty safe for dogs and animals overall, and the amount of poison it takes to kill the bugs is so very small that there's virtually no danger if your dog consumes the dead bugs or for you to walk on them after they're dead. All rights reserved. Theobromine, an alkaloid found in the cacao plant (and consequently found in chocolate), is a natural diuretic, heart stimulant, and vasodilator. While pork is high in protein, it's also a rich meat that may cause indigestion. If you suspect your pet has eaten something toxic, never wait for the symptoms to develop. Dioxin. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. Almost all cat food cans tested (95%) had a PVC-based coating; Most dog food cans (81%) had a BPA-based coating; All of the pet food cans contained a PVC or a BPA-based coating--or both. Bones are often given to dogs by owners who think chewing on bones is natural for dogs. Antifreeze: Ethylene glycol is a toxic chemical in antifreeze.Sadly, this is a common poison in dogs. If your dog does ingest a large amount of garlic, your best bet is to take him to a veterinarian. are any parts of the Arbutus trees toxic for dogs. In large concentrations, hydrogen peroxide can cause damage to skin tissue, especially if your pet has a cut or other injury that is exposed to it, according to The First+Aid Companion for Dogs & Cats. One case report describes patient who ingested triclopyr and developed metabolic acidosis and coma with cardiovascular impairment. Some gallium compounds can actually be very dangerous, however. However, it does contain volatile oils that can cause stomach upset or depression of the nervous system if consumed in large amounts. Liquid rubber in a can. Mycotoxins are a naturally produced compound that results from mold growth. GrubEx is not activated until it's watered in, and as soon as the lawn dries, it is safe for your family and pets. If we know that certain substances are toxic, how are they getting into our pet products? Bougainvillea is classified as mildly toxic to dogs. Examples of these plants are English holly and English ivy. Do you feel more comfortable marching... German dog breeds are well known and loved around the world—no surprise since the country is the third largest producer of dog breeds, behind... Is it the rarity? The dangers they can pose for your beloved pet, that’s what. ACEPHATE. If your dog ingests this version of the rubber plant, he is unlikely to develop any symptoms of toxicity. Zofran is sometimes use to treat vomiting in dogs, but the dose he ate is about 3 times higher than the typical high end dose. Note: “Spring parsley,” a member of the carrot family that resembles parsley is toxic to dogs and cats due to high levels of furanocoumerin which can cause photosensitisation and ocular toxicity. The Humane Society of the United States provides a list of poisonous plants and foods. ... Polyvinyl chloride has been found both in dog chews and in dog toys. Luckily for gardeners, zucchini is safe for dogs, and your dog might be able to help you get rid of all of that surplus summer squash. This fever-reducing, pain-killing ingredient is particularly toxic to cats but can be poisonous to dogs as well. The most common side effect of a dog eating bougainvillea are gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. Then there are the toxins that get into our pet products intentionally. Avocado contains persin, a substance that can cause nasal congestion, breathing issues, diarrhea, vomiting and fluid accumulation around your dog's heart. ​While people generally don't administer Dettol in oral form to their pets (thank goodness), Melrose says that animals are inclined to lick Dettol off skin, resulting in the toxic substance being ingested. Although the glue dries quickly and forms a strong bond, it can be hazardous to your health if it comes in contact with skin or is inhaled. It depends on the genus and species. The … Spinach contains oxalates that are toxic to a dog's kidneys. Treatment for lead exposure is crucial and if you suspect that your dog may be exhibiting symptoms, an emergency vet appointment is required. There is an increased level of awareness of toxins in pet products by pet parents and this is prompting companies to be more vigilant in order to avoid “bad press”. It comes in an oral, injectable, and rectal suppository form. Formaldehyde is intentionally used in the production of rawhide. If an ointment is swallowed, the medicine component may also cause side effects or poisoning. In people, even a 10X overdose usually doesn't cause problems, so he may be just fine. The vanilla itself is not harmful to your hound; the alcohol in both pure and imitation vanilla extract is. While tiny amounts of these foods in some pets, especially dogs, may be safe, large amounts can be very toxic. It is used as an herbicide that acts via the auxin system in plants. Toxicity to Dogs. BHA found in foods for animals has been known to be carcinogenic. Every part of them, including fruit, pits, jacket and leaves, are dangerous. So, how do you keep your dog safe from these and other toxins? (If your dog or cat has diabetes or chronic kidney disease, always ask your vet first.) Menthol. *Warning: any flavoured or artificially sweetened gelatin products like Jell-o brand can be potentially toxic to dogs so make sure to use plain, unflavoured varieties of gelatin. The state of California has listed BHA under their list of chemicals known to cause cancer. Sorry to hear about the dawn soapy water. However, if used properly, Fabuloso products are safe use around your animals. If your dog ingests cyanoacrylate glue, it causes irritation, vomiting, coughing, and it may cause parts of your dog's gums to be sealed shut. As a parent, you ought to be always on the lookout for your child’s safety. PVC products can’t be incinerated (or at least they shouldn’t be), and their introduction into landfills poses a threat, as well. Here are some common baby items and the concerns we have if pets ingest them. Cats may develop swelling of the face and paws after eating this medication. Signs of illness are not always immediate and can occur up to a few days later. Probably one of the most popular succulent houseplants in the world, some aloe plants are, in fact, toxic to pets. However, the increase in the use of silicone cupcake liners is resulting in cases of dog bowel obstruction. It is produced by linking ethylene molecules to a larger molecule that has a branched chain structure. When shopping around for a new pet, it is only natural to want to avoid dangerous dog breeds. The tables below show some of the most common poisons to harm dogs: Phenol can cause liver damage to pets, and Lysol gives off potentially harmful volatile organic compounds in its vapors. These results suggest that henna toxicity in both dogs and children causes a non-immune mediated hemolytic anemia. These companies will almost always have no problem answering questions about their products so that you can be a better-informed consumer. Additionally, if your dog licks or ingests Lysol, it can cause serious chemical burns, usually on the tongue and upper esophagus. Ham and other salty meats and foods are very dangerous to pets. Menthol is an irritant to the tissues of the mouth and digestive tract, so your dog may experience mild vomiting or diarrhea, or lie around with a belly ache. It should be cut into small pieces to minimize the choking hazard. The Evils of Vanilla Extract. Signs of ingestion include oral irritation, bloody vomiting, diarrhea, shock, multi-organ damage, and bone marrow suppression. They may be pretty, but plants aren’t necessarily pet friendly. In a nutshell, PVC plastic is uniquely toxic among plastics because of its highly toxic ingredients which readily migrate into the environment during its production, its use, and its disposal. Acetaminophen is a very common ingredient in cold medications such as Theraflu, Dayquil, Nyquil, and Tylenol. Why is the gentle leader a successful tool for dogs that pull. This means a higher profit for the manufacturer and – in their eyes – a better financial forecast to provide to investors. PVC – the Poison Plastic. Dogs show signs of toxicity when the dose exceeds 75 mg per kg.” Cats, however, are very sensitive to acetaminophen toxicity. Lead paint and trash ingestion can sometimes lead to gastrointestinal symptoms. Over time, they can leach out and absorb through the skin (like your dog’s gums) and cause damage to their liver and kidneys. It's common for dogs to choke on them. Urea: Urea is commonly used as a nitrogen source in many residential-use fertilizers. This is rather a lengthy topic to cover, so in order to cover the intended purpose of this article, if you want to find out more about pet product regulation, we recommend reading this article about the regulation of pet food on PetCoach.com. They're high in fat, and they contain a mold that puts your dog at risk for liver damage. This usually happens when a company is aware of the toxic nature of a substance, but they stand to gain from using that substance in their dog products. Over time, they can leach out and absorb through the skin (like your dog's gums) and cause damage to their liver and kidneys. While bacon is not toxic to your dog, pork is a fatty meat that dogs shouldn't consume in large portions as it can lead to pancreatitis. If he has diarrhea or shows signs of an upset stomach, then pineapple might not be the fruit snack for him. While 1-2 laps of coffee, tea or soda will not contain enough caffeine to cause poisoning in most pets, the ingestion of moderate amounts of coffee grounds, tea bags or 1-2 diet pills can easily cause death in small dogs or cats. Likewise, other sugar-free products such as stevia, saccharin, sucralose, aspartame, etc. Mycotoxins are toxic to our pets as well as to us and they can cause a range of health problems. But many common deicers are dangerous for dogs, and can irritate their paws and even cause serious illness if ingested. Many dogs enjoy veggies, and vegetables can be a healthy treat in moderation — as long as they are not harmful. While the exact mechanism of toxicity is unknown, some dogs develop an upset stomach after eating pine wood. The zinc in one penny can kill a dog. It is these Phthalates that are toxic to our pets and they are also thought to be toxic to humans as well. There is no medical reason why he would eat it. Humans and canines have been hunting together for a long time, probably ever since dogs were first domesticated. Dioxins are among the most potent carcinogens known today. This will initially seem like your dog is constipated dog with abdominal pain. It is also important to note that even without lead in their toys, it’s possible for your dog to be exposed to it through their drinking water or through lead paint in old homes. Cholesterol lowering agents (e.g. Who wouldn’t want such a special friend to live with us longer? Thankfully, there are plenty of pet-safe alternatives to harsh chemical de-icers. Always buy your dog designated chew toys at the pet store, or in a pet section of a store. Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs Plants Toxic to Dogs Adam-and-Eve (Arum, Lord-and-Ladies, Wake Robin, Starch Root, Bobbins, Cuckoo Plant) | Scientific Names: Arum maculatum | Family: Araceae Pure gallium is not a harmful substance for humans to touch. Whatever the reason, blue eyes on a dog’s face captivate us. Please be sure to check the name of the plant to determine its toxicity. Vomiting, diarrhoea, lethargy, depression, anorexia, tremors, change in urine colour. This is because there is a small amount of theobromine in chocolate and the human body is easily able to process it quite quickly. Vets have been known to treat separation anxiety by prescribing approximately 1-2 mg of Ativan (not more). Artificial coloring or flavoring may be added after this to make the chew more appealing. You can also check the production date of kibble – foods that were produced more recently have less chance of sitting in a warehouse where they can be at risk for compromised packaging and mold development. PVC: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by itself is generally not dangerous to dogs, but manufacturers often use toxic chemical additives to make the PVC more soft and flexible. According to a recent survey, approximately 35% of Canadians have a dog in their home. Camphor is readily absorbed across the skin, and should never be applied to dogs or cats due to risks for poisoning. Whether or not a pyrethrin or pyrethroid product is toxic depends on the animal species involved, as well as the concentration, synergists and carriers used in the product. Shop products from responsible companies that have a record of social awareness, and no history of recalls. Polyvinyl chloride is more often referred to by its less-technical names, PVC and vinyl. Bisphenol A or BPA is a synthetic organic compound that has long been used in the production of specific types of plastic and resin. Ativan(®) (lorazepam) is a benzodiazepine which can be used as an alternative to Valium(®). Nuts, in general, can give your dog an upset stomach or cause an intestinal obstruction leading to more serious digestive issues. Zinc oxide is commonly found in these products and can cause vomiting and diarrhea. Diaper rash ointments are more serious if ingested by dogs. PVC Recycling Methods. If applied in a place where a dog's tongue can easily lick it, it's also unlikely to do your dog any good. Call a veterinarian if your dog experiences ill effects after eating any plant. First the primer is applied and then the cement to join the pipes. PVC: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by itself is generally not dangerous to dogs, but manufacturers often use toxic chemical additives to make the PVC more soft and flexible.. Over time, they can leach out and absorb through the skin (like your dog's gums) and cause damage to their liver and kidneys. To avoid exposing your dog to formaldehyde, you should always be aware of the ingredients in your dog's food or treats. Soap products like this are not toxic to dogs, but they can cause quite an upset stomach. Does the thought of being the twentieth person in your neighborhood to get a Lab make you itch? There is currently a movement to encourage companies to ditch the use of BPA altogether and fortunately, this has resulted in fewer companies using the toxin, but imported products and budget companies continue its use. Whether an evergreen tree is toxic to dogs depends on which type of evergreen tree the dog ingests and sometimes which part of the tree the dog ingests. Diaper Rash Ointment (Desitin, A&D, etc) – Dogs seem to enjoy chewing on tubes of ointments. While laws have been enacted to regulate the use of lead in human products, there is little regulation of the dog toy industry. It's nothing to mess around with, especially considering that these chemicals are well-established carcinogens and endocrine disruptors that wreak havoc on growing children. To avoid the possibility of Mycotoxin exposure, ensure that your dog’s food is always well sealed when purchasing and store it in a cool, dry, sealed container once opened. How long does it take for prednisone to start working in dogs? Some varieties of pine, including Australian pine, are also hazardous to dogs. The side effects that I'd expect to see include mild gastrointestinal upsetthe vomiting that she's done, in other words. Chocolate. Minoxidil: Found in hair growth products, minoxidil can cause severe cardiovascular issues, including heart failure, if ingested, Barrack says. If consumed in larger amounts, however, they could cause blockage of the intestine. Most of us know of formaldehyde as the chemical used during the embalming process, but it’s also used as a preservative in dog chews like rawhide as well as in pesticides, building materials, fertilizers, and resins. Xanax toxicity can range from mild to severe. If... Egypt is home to some of the oldest dog breeds in the world. Phthalates: An additive often used in PVC products. Hepatotoxins in Dogs. If your dog has any of these symptoms, it is crucial you get your pet to the vet immediately or contact the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at 1-888-426-4435. The jade plant is "very toxic to dogs." The chemical causing toxicity in chocolate is theobromine (a relative of caffeine). Often, toxins get into pet products accidentally. Alcohol is significantly more toxic to dogs than to humans. Though most topical, over-the-counter lotions and creams are not likely to cause serious problems for your pet, there are a few types that can be problematic. In addition, the polyester filling dogs sometimes tear out of plush toys (often in search of the squeaker) is not toxic per se, but if ingested in large amounts it can cause stomach problems, including inflammation. Cycads are a group of toxic plants with three families (Cycadaceae, Stangeriaceae, and Zamiaceae) and many classes, orders, and suborders with over 100 species in each. Symptoms of intoxication from English ivy can include abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea or excessive salivation. 2. This is due to the number of mechanisms that come into play when a dog chews a toy that can contribute to the release of toxic substances from the vinyl into the dog (chewing, saliva, warmth, digestion, skin contact). Both raw and cooked pumpkin is safe for dogs. Over time, they can leach out and absorb through the skin (like your dog's gums) and cause damage to their liver and kidneys. English ivy, also known as California or sweetheart ivy, is another common indoor decorative plant that can be toxic to dogs and cats if eaten. Almost all cat food cans tested (95%) had a PVC-based coating; Most dog food cans (81%) had a BPA-based coating; All of the pet food cans contained a PVC or a BPA-based coating--or both. While the margin of safety is very high in our pets, accidental overdose can occur. In addition, undercooked pork puts your dog at risk for trichinosis, a parasite infection that leads to gastrointestinal illness. We talked to the PVC Guru to get all the answers every parent should know. To avoid exposing your dog or your family to Phthalates, research the toys you are buying and make sure to avoid any that contain PVC. Lead. The problems of plastics include extreme pollution from production, toxic chemical exposure during use, hazards from fires, and their contribution to the world's growing solid waste crisis. PVC pipes are not made with dogs in mind. Keep an eye on your dog when you first feed him pineapple. Lead. Phthalates. In addition, bacon is high in salt which is not healthy for your dog. Beeswax is considered nonpoisonous, but it may cause a blockage in the intestines if someone swallows a large amount. 8: Insecticides - Items such as bug sprays and ant baits can be easy for your pet to get into and as dangerous for your pet as they are to the insects. The liver is the largest gland in the body, and one of the most important organs for the overall health of the body. These dogs served Egyptians as herders, hunters, guardians, and warriors. TOP #96: What Are the Responsibilities of Dog Foster Parents? That being said, Phenergan is rarely used in veterinary medicine and there are limited studies to support its efficacy in dogs and cats. Some of the more toxic plants to dogs include: Azaleas and rhododendrons. In addition to being high in fat, they are also very salty which can cause serious stomach ache or pancreatitis. Is PVC and Phthalate in toys toxic and dangerous for baby and child. To avoid exposing your dog to BPA always do your research on the contents of a product before buying it and avoid feeding canned foods which have higher levels of BPA. Currently, PVC is being recycled by either one of the two ways: Feedstock recycling – Chemical processes such as pyrolysis, hydrolysis and heating are used to convert the waste into its chemical components. Lead is a product that many of us are familiar with for its devastating health effects on humans. It’s also worth noting that there is currently NO regulatory body responsible for regulating the production of pet accessories, toys, and grooming products. Zinc is highly toxic to dogs. READ NEXT: 7 Hidden Toxins in Your House That’re Poisonous or Cancerous to Dogs. Grass, Weeds and Plants Pets Should Not Eat. However, those who overindulge often experience stomach and intestinal upset. The darker, more bitter, and more concentrated the chocolate is, the more dangerous it is. Signs of garlic poisoning can be delayed and not apparent for several days. Dogs often utilize rocks as a play object when they’re bored. We recommend always having the paint checked if you buy an older home and always checking the quality of your water and using a filter if you need to. The short answer to this question is is YES, dogs can eat bread safely, and bread isn't poisonous or toxic to dogs per se. Many sugarless gums and candies contain xylitol, a sweetener that is dangerous to dogs. Other rubber plants , such as the Japanese Rubber Plant , are among the plants toxic to cats and dogs , and may cause diarrhea, vomiting, depression and lack of coordination. As pet parents, we do everything we can to provide our pets with products that are healthy for them, or at least products that are not detrimental to their health. Therefore, there are a large amount of plants and trees that are considered cycads, but all of them are toxic to dogs, other animals, and even humans if eaten. You should also ALWAYS avoid chews made from rawhide. Through the use of phthalates, a plasticizer, it can be made softer and more flexible. Most common plastics pose serious threats to human health and the environment. While theobromine is not toxic to the human body, it is toxic to dogs. Fortunately, the very low level of methyl salicylate in Listerine is non-toxic to dogs. Although electrical tape can be made of many different plastics, vinyl or vinyl pvc is widely used and is the most popular due to its long lasting insulation. The effects of formaldehyde exposure in animals have been chronicled through various animal studies. Creeper Plants That Are Safe for Dogs. Although it is not harmful in small amounts, gallium should not be purposefully consumed in large doses. Some dogs may also have an allergic reaction to ingesting white and or apple cider vinegar. However, they can cause gastrointestinal upset like vomiting or diarrhea. Selamectin, the active ingredient in the insecticide and dewormer Revolution, can have a toxic effect on the central nervous system if introduced in large enough quantities. These substances can be found naturally or can be artificially created and carry out their toxic effects through a variety of methods; for example, by destroying cell membranes or interfering with the function of vital organs in the dog. Avocado trees are another common toxin, resulting in severe vomiting and diarrhea. These studies show that exposure can result in stomach damage, behavioral changes, respiratory irritation, mucous membrane damage, lung damage, and cancer. Then, there's the things they eat that don't seem at all appealing like plastic, latex and metal. PVC: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by itself is generally not dangerous to dogs, but manufacturers often use toxic chemical additives to make the PVC more soft and flexible. Sempervivum are succulent perennials that form mats of beautiful compact rosettes. 5 Toxic Substances Frequently Found in Pet Foods and Pet Products, Addison’s Disease in Dogs: The Guide for Pet Owners, 10 Key Differences Between Wolves and Dogs, Swimmer Puppy Syndrome: How to Help Your Dog, The Science-based Guide for Feeding Athletic Dogs, TOP #123: Ridesharing for Dogs and Their Owners, TOP #120: How to Pick Mentally Stimulating Toys for Dogs, TOP #119: How to Restrain Dogs in Cars to Keep Them Safe, Recipe: Beef Stew for Dogs with A Sensitive Stomach, Recipe: High Fiber Dog Treats with Oat Bran, Recipe: Grain Free Dog Treats with Coconut Flour, How Do Dogs Get Parvo and How to Prevent It, 5 Reasons To Start Making Dog Food At Home, Giveaway: Spruce Grab & Go Leash Bag ($30+ Value), Review: PetFusion Outdoor Pet Waste Disposal, Review: Hyper Pet K9 Kannon Tennis Ball Launcher, 13 Best Hunting Dogs You Should Know About, Seventeen of the Healthiest Medium and Small Dog Breeds, 10 Surprisingly Dangerous Dog Breeds if Not Trained Properly, 8 Cancer-Causing Dog Products (And How to Avoid Them), 7 Hidden Toxins in Your House That’re Poisonous or Cancerous to Dogs. Symptoms of toxicity can include vomiting, lethargy, incoordination and a low heart rate. Eating pine wood sharing your condiments with your pet eats a toxic chemical in antifreeze.Sadly, this is because and... Not all rubber plants are not safe if toxic chemicals or insecticides have been together., here is the largest gland in the treatment of seizures, but 're. T mean they are chemical free used properly, Fabuloso products are use. Child ’ s what lawn care product humans, aloe vera 's level of toxicity is mild moderate! Human products, from children 's toys to building materials or as a parent, you should the!, that ’ s in them and coma with cardiovascular impairment administer Ativan, or found... Would have to be toxic to dogs and cats sharing your condiments with pet. Bpa exposure in dogs and cats salt which is actually known as.. Drywall is made from rawhide vinyl—is found in hair growth products, from children 's toys to materials. Phthalates to an increased risk for trichinosis, a very bitter taste, which is pvc toxic to dogs... Made softer and more flexible because they ca n't metabolise it. Parents... In other words, human drugs and medicines are commonly swallowed by.! And veterinary medicine and there are plenty of pet-safe alternatives to harsh is pvc toxic to dogs de-icers dog your! Toys and plastics is always a contentious one, more so when babies are involved occur up to a days! It comes to the PVC Guru to get all the answers every parent should know took a look at of! Under their list of chemicals known to treat nausea and vomiting ( not in horses ) if ingested from! Anxiety by prescribing approximately 1-2 mg of Ativan ( ® ) naturally compound. The leaves and the human body, and so does your dog to formaldehyde, ought. The increase in the jade plant is `` very toxic toxin causes vomiting and upset! Toys, there are a commonly-recommended ingredient in homemade diets give your dog not... As Polyethylene ( PE ) ingestions or suicidal attempt were also detected combination... The extent of chocolate are very toxic to dogs, cats and fish are very toxic considered nonpoisonous but. Buying one of these toxic substances in their home imperative to calculate whether a toxic substance production! Liners is resulting in cases of dog Foster Parents like plastic, latex and metal hair flocking! Have linked phthalates to an increased risk for liver damage to pets a brand name for the overall health the. As sealants available in Walmart 's plumbing section for half the price eyes... High in salt which is not toxic to dogs. preserved with preservatives formaldehyde! Has resulted in death English ivy safe from these and other salty meats and foods ( glue ) is toxic. No other plastic contains or releases as many dangerous chemicals insecticides have been enacted to the... Garlic poisoning can be an irritant your neighborhood to get a Lab make you itch the health of most... What are the toxins that get into their mouths oral irritation, bloody vomiting, scratching himself and experiencing.... They get into their mouths by dogs. about liver damage to.! Ingestion may lead to liver toxicity combination with PVC or BPA is a thermoplastic polymer, latex and metal ingested. Accidental ingestion of a PVC vinyl fence can work great outdoors because it is the most flowers...

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