One of the characteristics of the Hellenic period was the polis, or very small city-state. 300 BC - Euclid, a Greek mathematician, writes Elements. This famous writing will have an impact on mathematics for years to come. The Hellenistic Period began following the death of Alexander in 323 B.C., and lasted until 31 B.C., by which time the Romans had almost conquered all the territories under Macedonian rule. Greece in the Hellenistic Age. The Hellenistic period began with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE, and ended with the Roman victory at the Battle of Actium in 30 BCE. But in 338 BCE that life forever changed for all mainland Greeks when Philip II of Macedon (r. 359-336 BCE) defeated a Greek army at the Battle of Chaeronea (in Boeotia) and imposed his hegemony over Greece.Apart from some futile attempts to recapture their freedom, for well over a century the Greeks remained under Macedonian rule until the new power of the Mediterranean world, … The old city-states of Greece, including great cities such as Athens, began to decline during the Hellenistic period. Hellenistic Greece. At that time the Greeks—or Hellenes, as they called themselves—were simple nomadic herdsmen. The story of ancient Greece began between 1900 and 1600 bc. The Hellenistic Age ended with the establishment of the Roman Empire in 31 bc. The third era of ancient Greek history was the Hellenistic Age when the Greek language and culture spread throughout the Mediterranean world. Start a free trial of Quizlet Plus by Thanksgiving | … The Hellenistic period began in 323 BCE, with the death of Alexander the Great. The Hellenistic period began with the wars of the Diadochi, armed contests among the former generals of Alexander the Great to carve up his empire in Europe, Asia, and North Africa. ... How Greek Culture Survived. The city-states simply could not compete militarily with the successor states. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. During the Hellenistic period, the importance of "Greece proper" (that is, the territory of modern Greece) within the Greek-speaking world declined sharply. Each polis was dedicated to one specific god. Greek Hellenistic Period (323 BC - 31 BC) 323 BC - The Hellenistic period begins when Alexander the Great dies. The term ‘Hellenistic’ was coined by historians as late as the 19th century. The Ancient Greek civilization begins its decline and the Ancient Romans start to gain power. The first period that shaped Greek history was the Hellenic (c.750-323 B.C.). Start studying Alexander and the Hellenistic Age. Greece poleis spent this time under the hegemony of foreign rulers, first the Macedons and then the Romans, starting in 146 BCE. Through them, Greek civilization spread right across the Middle East and amalgamated with local cultures producing a hybrid civilization. The Hellenistic Age began at the end of the Classical Period 323 BCE. The great centers of Hellenistic culture were Alexandria and Antioch, capitals of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria respectively. While Sparta remained independent, it became a political backwater. Each polis was self-governing and allowed for the citizens to … It is derived from the word Hellazein, which means to identify with the Greeks. It was marked by the death of Alexander the great. 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