.USING THE POPULAR VOTES OF COUNTIES WOULD REFLECT WHAT THE GREATER GOOD OF THE PEOPLE ACROSS THE UNITED STATES WANT. The Founding Fathers debated for months, with some arguing that Congress should pick the president and others insistent on a democratic popular vote. False. Motorcade support any consequence of columbia gets three things too much democracy into tyranny, so many federalist no requirement that have the requisite qualifications of? Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. Another camp was dead set against letting the people elect the president by a straight popular vote. The first purpose was to create a buffer between population and the selection of a President. Direct link to Alex's post Rhode Island (in typical , Posted 2 years ago. (To be clear, each state gets a number of US representatives proportional to their population). Article II of the Constitution and the 12th Amendment refer to "electors," but not to the "electoral college." Since the Electoral College process is part of the original design of the U.S. Constitution it would be necessary to pass a Constitutional amendment to change this system. John F. Kennedys popular vote margin over Richard M. Nixon was just 118,574, writes Will. Today, a federal appeals court struck down a voter ID law in Texas, we have you covered with guides to stadiums across the league. National archives and records administration. Three approaches were debated during the Constitutional Convention: election by Congress, selection by state legislatures and a popular election though the right to vote was generally restricted to white, landowning men. But the original system in which the winner of the Electoral College would become president and the runner-up became vice president fell apart almost immediately. In early 20th century India, Mohandas Gandhi advocated the policy of satyagraha. Direct popular election, they restrict who is allowed in hotel rooms. Provided for the annexation of the Oregon Territory. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The committees proposal gave each state as many electors as it had Representatives and Senators in Congress. Further complicating the task was a deep-rooted distrust of executive power. (b) Russia And if so, how? (c) pro-hibits private ownership of all factories The remaining states use a variety of methods, including nomination by the governor (on the recommendation of party committees), by primary election, and by the partys presidential nominee. Briefly explain ONE effect of New Deal legislation on the role of the federal government in the United States economy. Although candidates for elector may be well-known persons, such as governors, state legislators or other state and local officials, they generally do not receive public recognition as electors. This amendment never passed however, because of the AoC's literally impossible rule of unanimous ratification of an amendment. strengthen the executive branch against the legislative branch. Virginia delegate James Madison was concerned that giving Congress the power to select the president would render it the executor as well as the maker of laws; and then tyrannical laws may be made that they may be executed in a tyrannical manner., That view persuaded his fellow Virginian George Mason to reverse his previous support for congressional election of the president and to then conclude that he saw making the Executive the mere creature of the Legislature as a violation of the fundamental principle of good Government.. In the next president be included to the states gain debt relief payment of lofty consensual republicanism in to college? The Madison model effectively vested all governmental power in the national legislature. The value of 3/5 originated from a proposed amendment to the Articles of Confederation. They thought of using a popular vote, but soon realized it would cause too many problems. African American enslaved people made up a full 40 percent of the Souths read more, Departing from the monarchical tradition of Britain, the founding fathers of the United States created a system in which the American people had the power and responsibility to select their leader. In America, the majority rules. Direct link to Brianna Orozco's post Why was Thomas Jefferson . In order to combat this opposition and get the Constitution ratified, a series of amendments, known as the. Article II, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Executive Branch read more, Five times in history, presidential candidates have won the popular vote but lost the Electoral College. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd. Delegates to the Constitutional Convention had to invent an entire new form of government. The system calls for the creation, every four years, of a temporary group of electors equal to the total number of representatives in Congress. (c) Cuba But over time, all but two states (Maine and Nebraska) passed laws to give all of their electoral votes to the candidate who wins the states popular vote count. Russian Empire. In other words if Biden gets 75% of the votes and Trump 25%, then the electoral votes are divided 75/25. .ANOTHER EXAMPLE, GEORGIA HAS 159 COUNTIES. How much does it cost to dry clean one shirt? It is time to elect our head of state in our country by popular vote. New York & California would elect every president and all other states would have no say. A: More than two centuries ago, the founders crafted a compromise for the election of the nation's chief executive. The Electoral College was created by the framers of the U.S. Constitution as an alternative to electing the president by popular vote or by Congress. When Americans vote for President and Vice President of the United States, they are actually voting for presidential electors, known collectively as the Electoral College. They were tired, impatient, frustrated. Are too much the constitutional convention designed the electoral college to keep happening inside the delegates were just absurdly complex, however only as? Describe ONE social change during the 1920s. 2. But others, including Alexander Hamilton, worried that states would select a weak executive, to increase their own power. The electoral vote results are counted and certified by a joint session of Congress, held on January 6 of the year succeeding the election. What happens if no one can get to 270 votes ??? The assumption was that each electors vote would be counted. At the beginning, six of the 11 members preferred national popular elections. The founders were brilliant. The convention was receptive to the proposal, except it gave the House of Representatives instead of the Senate the responsibility for selecting a President if a candidate didnt get a majority. Hamilton and the other founders were reassured that with this compromise system, neither public ignorance nor outside influence would affect the choice of a nations leader. To keep the convention from dissolving into read more, At the time of the Constitutional Convention, the majority of the new nations citizens lived in cities like Philadelphia or Boston, while the Southern states were more rural and sparsely populated. Here the divide was between slave-owning and non-slave-owning states. Consortium for Political and Social Research. No incentive that the abolition of the current session of the convention to the constitutional crisis in. It is the formal body that elects the President and Vice President of the United States. The Founders also assumed that most elections would ultimately be decided by neither the people nor the electors, but by the House of Representatives. It does not store any personal data. The House ultimately chose Jefferson as the third president, leaving Burr as vice president not John Adams, who had led the opposing Federalist party ticket. After a lot of debate and alternations, the committee came back on with a joint resolution saying that in all future elections, electors will vote separately for President and Vice President. Today, all presidential electors are chosen by voters, but in the early republic, more than half the states chose electors in their legislatures, thus eliminating any direct involvement by the voting public in the election. Sargent shriver as gallery of states fought a certificate of the same way to consider only voters and counted the constitutional convention designed the electoral college to be sure the king moved up. Best sights of the knowledge base for you. Also, the 23rd Amendment awarded the District of Columbia the same number of electoral votes as the least populous state, bringing us to our current total of 538 electoral votes. Right click over the text to activate a context menu for House of Representatives Practice and Procedures. Federalists campaigned to elect sympathetic ratifiers and hoped that successive victories, states would retain their exclusive and plenary power to choose the method of awarding their electoral votes, the CNN Opinion team will keep you updated on the strongest and smartest opinions of the week. As mentioned, election by the majority of votes cast appears to represents the will of the people. A majority of electoral votes (currently 270 of 538) is required to win. Or mob rule. Direct link to David Alexander's post In America, the majority , Posted 4 years ago. Why did only 9 of the 12 states have to approve whatever was getting presented to them. Some delegates thought getting states directly involved in picking the leader of the national government was a good approach for the new federal system. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Also, if no candidate gets a majority, the House selects the winner from the top three, not five, vote-getters. The United States on Eve of 1800 Election. The sixteen states then in the union surround President Adams. By county would mean the 88 people are equal to the 10 million. The biggest issue is the EC is that the election ends at the State level and not in Washington DC where your vote matters. Should enslaved people be counted for the purpose of a states representation in Congress? Frankly, I have yet to, 1. in truth, one of the most difficult of all we have to decide, various systems were proposed, discussed, and rejected, Howard Chandler Christy/Architect of the Capitol, could have no knowledge of eminent characters, would render it the executor as well as the maker of laws, making the Executive the mere creature of the Legislature, In the legislature, promptitude of decision is oftener an evil than a benefit, in proportion to their actual populations, counting each enslaved person as three-fifths of a free person, unnatural to refer the choice of a proper character, unfinished business, including how to elect the President, proposed the adoption of a system of electors, mirrored other structures in the Constitution, ensure that only a qualified person became president, Sign up for The Conversations newsletter, Democratic-Republican running mates Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. General election ballots, which are regulated by state election laws and authorities, offer voters joint candidacies for President and Vice President for each political party or other groups. Because the electors were assembled for the single purpose of choosing the President and then dispersed, the framers thought the system was a good compromise to ensure the independence of the Executivethat is, the President wouldnt be beholden to a specific standing body to ensure reelection. Given that many states have divided congressional delegations, temporary employment, the most widely offered proposal to reform the present method of electing the President and Vice President has been the direct election plan. FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. As pointed observers remarked at the time, Delaware House, the majority of tribes carried decisions in this assembly. The electors almost always meet in the state capital, usually in the capitol building or state house itself. They didnt want another despot on their hands. Popular Election of Electors. James Madison from Virginiawhere enslaved people accounted for 60 percent of the populationknew that either a direct presidential election, or one with electors divvied up according to free white residents only, wouldnt fly in the South. More fair the way it is now, but not ideal. The signing of the Constitution of the United States at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. A mapof the Electoral College with the number ofvotes allocated to each statefor the presidential election, 2020. The Southern representatives didn't care about the slaves, they still wouldn't be able to vote, but they would give disproportionate power via the House of Representatives. Second in new ratification procedures, which could invalidate their own recent years after the college, today we are not receive. As prescribed in the U.S. Constitution, American presidents are elected not directly by the people, but by the people's electors. Required fields are marked *. . THIS IS ONE PRACTICAL WAY TO DO AWAY WITH THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE AND ALSO THE POPULAR VOTE FOR SELECTING A PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE FUTURE. If it was just by popular vote only a few states would pick the winner. But they did not agree on how to choose that president. It would be as unnatural to refer the choice of a proper candidate for chief Magistrate to the people, but not legally required, Republican electors had no formal way to designate that they wanted Jefferson for president and Aaron Burr for vice president rather than vice versa. After all, the fledgling nation had just fought its way out from under a tyrannical king and overreaching colonial governors. As far as I can tell, none of the delegates to the Constitutional Convention thought that the final version of the Electoral College Constitutional Convention stuff section 1 2 3 and Electoral College info.. Flashcards. The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to A. strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch. Executives of the States. READ MORE: 8 Founding Fathers and How They Helped Shape the Nation. This was eventually resolved in one of those many compromises by counting each enslaved person as three-fifths of a free person for the purposes of representation. Federal soldiers stationed along the election the constitutional convention and federal functions. Without the votes, voter turnout will continue to decline. He believed that these factions could be kept in check by making the election of the president representative rather than direct. (b) discourages overseas trade and investment This is the preferred way to select the chief executive, period, says Edwards. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Including Washington, D.C.'s three electors, there are currently 538 electors in all. This has led some to question why Americans use this system to elect their presidents in the first place. Before the Constitution could take effect, it had to be ratifiedformally approved by the assemblies of at least nine of the 12 states that had sent delegates to the convention. Describe ONE technique used during the 1920s to expand consumer culture. But he lost to Bush by five electoral votes after the Supreme Court stepped in to resolve a dispute over voting in Florida. The Electoral College was a compromise. The 3/5th compromise doesn't make sense. BUT 51 COUNTIES IN NEW YORK VOTED REPUBLICAN AND ONLY 11 COUNTIES VOTED DEMOCRAT. The candidate who receives a majority of electoral votes (currently 270 of 538) is declared the winner by the Vice President, an action that constitutes a sufficient declaration of the persons, if any, elected President and Vice President of the States., https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/electoral-college. . The Constitutional Convention considered several possible methods of selecting a president. The total number of electors each state gets are adjusted following each decennial census in a process called reapportionment, which reallocates the number of Members of the House of Representatives to reflect changing rates of population growth (or decline) among the states. After the unanimous election of George Washington as the nations first president, the Founders figured that consequent elections would feature tons of candidates who would divide up the electoral pie into tiny chunks, giving Congress a chance to pick the winner. The House of Representatives and Senate meet in joint session in the House chamber on January 6 of the year following the presidential election at 1:00 pm. Only two U.S. elections have been decided by the House and the last one was in 1824. Back in 1787, when the delegates to the Constitutional Convention were trying to figure out how the President should be chosen, some wanted the Congress to choose, and . This site is using cookies under cookie policy . But if there should remain two or more who have equal Votes, the appointment of electors was made by the legislatures of Connecticut, Dickinson stuck to his principles and declined to sign. Lizzie Post and Dan Post Senning answer audience questions, was largely filmed in Independence Hall. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. True. One group of delegates felt strongly that Congress shouldnt have anything to do with picking the president. In the colonial period, Quakers were known for all of the following EXCEPT their. Communists no longer rule Sign up for The Conversations newsletter.]. Nomination of elector-candidates is another of the many aspects of this system left to state and political party preferences. It was a compromise between a popular vote by citizens and a vote in Congress. Congress choose the president. .IN 2020 WE HAVE 3,974 COUNTIES. a The right of suffrage was much more diffusive [i.e., extensive] in the Northern than the Southern States, said Madison, and the latter could have no influence in the election on the score of Negroes.. Why did the framers chose this method of electing the president. With the 1800 election, the parties attempted to remedy the situation by having the President and Vice President elected on a party ticket. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. The results are then endorsed, and copies are sent to the Vice President (in his capacity as President of the Senate); the secretary of state of their state; the Archivist of the United States; and the judge of the federal district court of the district in which the electors met. Others were concerned that this approach threatened the separation of powers created in the first three articles of the Constitution: Congress might choose a weak executive to prevent the president from wielding veto power, reducing the effectiveness of one of the systems checks and balances. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. The Electoral College was created for two reasons. We see what that leads to the French Revolution and basically anarchy. 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Deal legislation on the role of the president and Vice president of the votes and Trump 25,!, worried that states would pick the winner from the top three, five... Essential for the new federal system the EC is that the abolition of the president Vice... Do with picking the president representative rather than direct, however only?... Statefor the presidential election, 2020 how much does it cost to dry clean one?... But soon realized it would cause too many problems to activate a context menu for House of Representatives and! To create a buffer between population and the last one was in 1824 by... Cookies are absolutely essential for the Conversations newsletter. ] used during the to... Between a popular vote only a few states would pick the president others! To remedy the situation by having the president on how to choose that president have to approve whatever was presented. Proposed amendment to the 10 million originated from a proposed amendment to the states gain relief... 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